Identity Assurance Level IAL and

What is Identity Assurance Level (IAL)

The NIST 800-63-3 publication defines Identity Assurance Level (IAL) as the robustness of the identity proofing process to confidently determine the identity of an individual. There are 3 different levels of IAL, viz. IAL1, IAL2, and IAL3. The 800-63-3 publication sets the requirements to achieve a given IAL. The three IALs reflect the options agencies or organizations may select in their respective environments to suit their risks. The risk being the potential harm that could be caused by an adversary making a successful false claim of an identity.

The three IALs are as follows

IAL1: There is no requirement to link the applicant to a specific real-life identity. Any attributes provided in conjunction with the authentication process are self-asserted or should be treated as such (including attributes a Credential Service Provider, or CSP, asserts to an RP).

IAL2: Evidence supports the real-world existence of the claimed identity and verifies that the applicant is appropriately associated with this real-world identity. IAL2 introduces the need for either remote or physically-present identity proofing. Attributes can be asserted by CSPs to RPs in support of pseudonymous identity with verified attributes.

IAL3: Physical presence is required for identity proofing. Identifying attributes must be verified by an authorized and trained representative of the CSP. As with IAL2, attributes can be asserted by CSPs to RPs in support of pseudonymous identity with verified attributes.

Summary of the IAL levels
IAL1: At IAL1, attributes, if any, are self-asserted or should be treated as self-asserted.
IAL2: At IAL2, either remote or in-person identity proofing is required. IAL2 requires identifying attributes to have been verified in person or remotely using, at a minimum, the procedures given in SP 800-63A.
IAL3: At IAL3, in-person identity proofing is required. Identifying attributes must be verified by an authorized CSP representative through examination of physical documentation as described in SP 800-63A.

References

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